What are the two categories of After-Action Reviews (AAR)?

The correct identification of the two categories of After-Action Reviews (AAR) as formal and informal highlights how AARs can vary in their approach and execution based on the context and objectives.

Formal AARs are typically structured, involving a set process with specific data collection methods, often tied closely to organizational training, exercises, or operations. These sessions are usually documented, leading to actionable insights that can inform future planning and execution. The formal nature enhances accountability and thoroughness in reviewing actions taken and results achieved.

On the other hand, informal AARs provide a more flexible and spontaneous approach. They often occur in real-time or immediately following an event, and may not adhere to a strict format or documentation. This allows for quicker feedback, fostering a culture of open communication and immediate reflection among team members. These reviews are valuable for discussing lessons learned in a more relaxed setting, encouraging participation and candid discussions.

Overall, understanding the distinction between formal and informal AARs aids in recognizing how organizations can effectively leverage both types to improve performance and learning outcomes in military and operational contexts.